A swollen or puffy armpit can be an uncomfortable and sometimes worrying experience. While it’s often harmless, it can occasionally signal underlying health issues that shouldn’t be ignored. Whether caused by inflammation, blocked sweat glands, or even the antiperspirant you’re using, understanding the possible reasons behind armpit swelling can help you take the right steps to address it.

Common Causes of a Swollen or Puffy Armpit

1. Swollen Lymph Nodes

Your armpits contain multiple lymph nodes that play a vital role in your immune system. When they become swollen, it’s often due to:

• Infections – A simple cold, flu, or bacterial infection can trigger an immune response, causing the lymph nodes to enlarge.
• Vaccinations – Some vaccines, such as those for COVID-19 or the flu, can cause temporary lymph node swelling.
• Autoimmune Conditions – Diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis may lead to persistent swelling in the armpit area.
• Cancer – Though less common, swollen lymph nodes can sometimes be linked to lymphoma or breast cancer. If the swelling persists for more than two weeks, seek medical advice.

2. Antiperspirants and Skin Irritation

Many people don’t realise that their choice of deodorant or antiperspirant could be causing irritation.

• Aluminium-based antiperspirants block sweat glands, which can lead to inflammation and swelling.
• Fragrances and preservatives in deodorants may trigger allergic reactions, resulting in redness and puffiness.
• Shaving before applying deodorant can make the skin more sensitive and prone to irritation.

3. Blocked Sweat Glands (Hidradenitis Suppurativa)

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a condition where sweat glands become blocked, leading to:

• Painful lumps and swelling in the armpit.
• Pus-filled bumps or abscesses that may leave scars.
• Increased risk in individuals with hormonal imbalances or inflammatory conditions.

4. Lipomas (Fatty Lumps)

Lipomas are benign, soft, and moveable lumps under the skin. They are usually painless and do not require treatment unless they grow or cause discomfort.

5. Cysts or Abscesses

• Sebaceous cysts form from blocked oil glands and feel like small, round lumps beneath the skin.
• Abscesses occur when cysts become infected, leading to pain, redness, and pus formation.

6. Breast Tissue Changes

In some cases, hormonal fluctuations due to menstruation, pregnancy, or menopause can cause tender or swollen breast tissue that extends into the armpit.

When Should You See a Doctor?

While many causes of armpit swelling are harmless, you should consult a doctor if:

• The swelling lasts more than two weeks.
• The lump is growing, painful, or firm.
• You experience night sweats, fever, or unexplained weight loss.
• The lump is fixed in place or feels hard.

What You Can Do at Home

If your armpit swelling is mild and not accompanied by other symptoms, you can try:

• Switching to a fragrance-free, natural deodorant to see if irritation improves.
• Applying warm compresses to reduce inflammation and promote drainage.
• Avoiding tight clothing that may contribute to friction and irritation.
• Keeping the area clean and dry to prevent bacterial growth.

Final Thoughts

A swollen or puffy armpit can be caused by various factors, from a simple reaction to deodorant to an underlying infection or health condition. While most cases resolve on their own, persistent swelling or discomfort should not be ignored. If you’re concerned, seeking medical advice is always the best course of action to ensure peace of mind and proper care.

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